Every day, our skin battles against various environmental aggressors like UV rays, pollutants, and changing weather conditions. Amidst this, maintaining optimal skin hydration becomes a prime concern. Skin moisturizers, the unsung heroes of our skincare regimen, play a vital role in this process. But how do they work, and why are they so essential? Let's dive in.

Moisturizers are primarily designed to lock in the skin's natural moisture, preventing it from evaporating into the atmosphere. They act as a barrier, holding water in the skin and replenishing its hydration levels. Their functioning can be broken down into four main actions: humectants, occlusives, emollients, and antioxidants.

Humectants, integral components in moisturizers, have the ability to pull water from the skin's middle layer, known as the dermis, into its outermost layer, the epidermis. This action ensures the skin remains hydrated and gives it a plump appearance. In conditions where humidity exceeds 70%, humectants can even draw moisture from the surrounding atmosphere into the skin. Essentially, humectants mimic the functions of the skin's natural moisturizing factor (NMF), a naturally occurring substance that maintains moisture in the stratum corneum, the outermost layer of skin cells. Let’s Make Beauty by Presperse offers a variety or humectants for moisturizers:

GreenDiol™

GreenDiol™ is a multi-functional ingredient. It is an excellent humectant, dispersant, and also preservative booster for clean formulations. It is a natural alternative to Butylene Glycol. 

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Sodium Hyaluronate

Sodium Hyaluronate is the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid, a natural polymer that is found in the body. Sodium hyaluronate acts as a humectant and helps maintain skin structure, elasticity, and flexibility. Let’s Make Beauty offers Sodium Hyaluronate in a variety of molecular weights to meet your needs. 

Occlusives

Occlusives work by reducing water loss from the skin, essentially acting as barriers that slow down evaporation. These components typically have a greasy texture and are especially effective when used on freshly moistened skin. 

Emollients

Emollients, often found in the stratum corneum, act as lubricating agents, ensuring the skin retains its soft and flexible demeanor. Predominantly composed of oils and lipid-based compounds, emollients can also bridge the spaces between partially shed cells in the stratum corneum. This action imparts a more complete and smoother feel to the skin's surface.

Permethyl 101A

Permethyl® 101A is highly emollient, easy-spreading, and moisturizing. It imparts a non-drying feeling on the skin and has a light, smooth feel with excellent cleansing properties.

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Siclone® SR-5

SiClone® SR-5, a D-5 replacement, has good volatility, slip, cushion, and overall aesthetics.

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Topical Antioxidants

Some moisturizers include ingredients that combat cell damage resulting from oxidation. Oxidation is a reaction where a substance undergoes a change due to the presence of oxygen, and this can often lead to detrimental effects on the skin.

VITAMIN E (ALL-RAC-A-TOCOPHERYL ACETATE)

Tocopheryl Acetate is a more stable form of Tocopherol (Vitamin E). It is a free radical scavenger, and gives moisturization benefits. Vitamin E helps protect your skin from environmental stressors that can exacerbate the signs of aging. 

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Why Moisturizers Are Necessary In Skin Care

Why this emphasis on moisturizers in our skincare routine? Well, there are a few compelling reasons. Consistent moisturizing is our first line of defense against dry, patchy skin, ensuring it remains soft, supple, and moisturized. Additionally, keeping our skin hydrated can subtly fend off fine lines and wrinkles, giving us a youthful appearance. They also double up as our skin's protective gear against the harmful effects of environmental elements and UV radiation. And if you're all about that glow, moisturizing regularly is a sure-shot way to attain smoother and more radiant skin.

5 Types of Moisturizers

No one-size-fits-all moisturizer exists. What might be effective for one individual might not resonate with another. Discovering the ideal moisturizer often requires patience, and ultimately, it boils down to individual preference. Here are some examples of different types of moisturizers:

• Lotions: Lotions are generally lighter and more fluid than creams or ointments, making them suitable for "normal" skin and humid environments. Lotions can be applied to both the body and face. 
• Creams: Creams, with their richer and denser consistency compared to lotions, provide a heightened level of hydration. Their thick formulation makes them particularly beneficial for those with dry to extremely dry skin types. As they deeply moisturize and nourish the skin, creams serve as an excellent choice for individuals seeking intense hydration and a barrier against environmental factors that can further dry out the skin.
• Ointments: Ointments, characterized by their highly occlusive nature, stand as a potent remedy for those grappling with severely dry or chapped skin. Their dense and greasy texture creates a protective barrier on the skin's surface, trapping moisture within and providing immediate relief. Such properties make ointments an ideal choice for delivering intense hydration and healing to the most parched skin areas.
• Gels: Gels are water-based moisturizers with a lightweight consistency that makes them perfect for individuals with oily or acne-prone skin. Their non-greasy formula ensures hydration without adding excess oil, reducing the risk of clogged pores and breakouts. Gels offer a refreshing and cooling sensation upon application, making them a favorite for those seeking effective moisturization without the heaviness of creams or ointments.
• Serums: Serums stand out in the realm of skincare for their lightweight and rapid-absorbing properties. They are typically packed with a potent concentration of active ingredients, allowing for targeted treatments that address specific skin concerns. Because of their thin consistency, serums can penetrate the skin's deeper layers, delivering powerful nutrients and compounds directly where they're most needed. This makes them an essential tool for those looking to address specific skin issues or enhance their overall skincare routine.

In an era where skincare has transcended beyond mere aesthetics and delves into overall well-being, the significance of moisturization cannot be understated. By choosing the right moisturizer for your skin type and needs, you are not just beautifying your skin but fortifying its health for years to come.